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Plant Layout Is Fundamental Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(84) " they can continue to the equalising system of production for their full procedure\." Plant layout is cardinal and attending and consideration from the beginning are needed so as to forestall subsequent jobs. Although there could be different layout, the better 1 is still the one which is inexpensive and systematic. It includes scientific usage of work country, agreement of machines, easily screening out of stuffs or convenient conveyance system. We will write a custom essay sample on Plant Layout Is Fundamental Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Once the location is selected, the lone thing which can be adjusted is factory layout. Undoubtedly, layout is made for aims. For illustration, one aim is that the supervising of the work is easy and the stores remain clean and orderly. The merchandises with good quality should be produced at inexpensive cost and it should be easy to manage the stuffs which should be transported at a minimal cost in a minimal clip. Furthermore, maximal usage of the infinite country and better productiveness is besides the aims. Besides, congestion points and constrictions should be avoided and material waste should be minimized. All in all, it should be rushing of production and easy and simple care of works. As mentioned, works layout is critical portion of runing a cost effectual and efficient concern. Material storage installations, work country and production lines should be designed to execute to the highest rate and shortest rhythm clip as good. It is necessary to see all the maps within the concern when planing a works layout. The design should include the demands for the present concern degrees and commissariats for future enlargement. And avoiding frequent and dearly-won alterations to the design as demand additions should besides be considered. As a company proprietor, they should execute this survey prior to any works layout design. This will supply a clear apprehension of the present and future demands of the concern and the interaction of each section and will be used to plan the installation for the most efficient and productive work flow possible. As for Toyota illustration, we can non tie in the Toyota production system with the kanban system. Kanban system is one of the methods of control utilized within the Toyota production system. The Toyota production system is alone and alone. The thought behind it and the method of execution have been perfected after long old ages of test and mistake. It is a system of production, based on the doctrine of entire riddance of waste, which seeks the uttermost in reason in the manner we make things. We call this the Toyota system. Merely when the Toyota production system in its entirety is satisfactorily conducted, can at that place be an effectual use of the kanban system. Without altering the method of doing things, it is impossible to prosecute in the kanban system. Here is the chart about the panoramic position of the system. An ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ An ideal status for fabrication is where there is no waste in machines, equipment and forces, and where they can work together to raise the added value to bring forth net income. In order to near this ideal, we have devised a system in which the stuffs needed are obtained just-in-time which is precisely when needed and in the measure needed. On the other manus, for this ideal status to happen in the line operations, including machines and equipment, if there is abnormalcy, everything must be stopped instantly at the discretion of the worker or workers involved. The grounds for the happening of abnormalcy must be investigated from the land up. This is what we call mechanization with a human touch. We believe it is best to fabricate everything in a balanced mode. This load-smoothing production serves as the base for the two pillars of the Toyota-system, viz. the just-in-time and automation-with-a-human-touch attacks. In a normal workplace, the more the flow of things varies, the greater the incidence of making waste. The capacity of the workplace is frequently adjusted to the peak work demand and non to its mean value. At Toyota, there was a clip in which this was the normal happening. The industry has multiple types of parts in multiple Numberss. The procedure it must travel through is a really complex 1. The lone feasible solution for most auto industries has been to keep a certain sum of stock list on manus. They have planned in such a manner that every line will hold some work to make every twenty-four hours. However, this attack is a dearly-won one, because it requires keeping a parts stock list three to four times larger than that required when the assembly line has an equalising system of production. The waste created is tremendous. To hold a successful system of equalized production, Toyota must equalise non merely the measures but besides the types. Let ‘s take an illustration, Corona series. Toyota has a production agenda of 1000units a twenty-four hours. All unites are different in their engines, transmittals, external colourss and insides. Toyota scatters them all and does assembly work. They do n’t bunch all ruddy Corona together and allow them flux in sequence because they want to equalise the types. If they allow autos with red-colored outsides to be placed on the assembly line to the exclusion of others, ruddy seats and interior parts will flux really to a great extent in the forenoon. In contrast, in the afternoon, there may non be adequate work left for those covering with the ruddy colour. As for the engine, they try to allow the 2000cc and 1800cc engines flow approximately in proportion to the figure used. As for the left guidance wheel autos for export and right maneuvering wheel autos for domestic usage, the deciding factor in the assembly line is the gross revenues records of that peculiar clip. Or we may do every 3rd auto with a left guidance wheel. There must non be extremums and vales in Toyotas work, even in the minutest parts of the procedure. In so making, they can continue to the equalising system of production for their full procedure. You read "Plant Layout Is Fundamental Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" This equalisation of the measures and the types is called burden smoothing under the Toyota system. The load-smoothing system of production is the major premiss for the riddance of waste. The kanban system can win in a topographic point where the concluding procedure is under the load-smoothing system of production. If there is no load-smoothing system of production, the kanban system will neglect. How to allow things flux? For illustration, we assume that five types Corona auto Angstrom to auto Tocopherols are all assembled by lines entirely devoted to each. Therefore as seen in the diagram below, at Line A, unites are moved at a two-minute interval, but at Line E, merely one unit is assembled every 16 proceedingss. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~P.54~~~~~~~~~~ When the separate sole lines are merged into one, the flow will take the signifier indicated at the underside of the figure. At Toyota ‘s assembly line, the autos may be the same Corona, but there are many different colourss, two-door and four-door theoretical accounts, left and right guidance wheels, all assorted together and interspersed while traveling through the assembly line. With this assembly line in operation, it becomes possible to hold burden smoothing non merely for the measures but besides for the types. The work done in this manner at the concluding assembly line warrants that equalisation can happen in all preceding procedures. These sole lines could merely every bit good be procedures devoted to parts. When all of these lines are equalized, so every line can hold equal work, and work can besides go equalized. When we engage in the load-smoothing system of production, we can set up standard operations throughout the full procedure, covering all procedures and lines. This is one of the chief ends of load-smoothing production. At Toyota, they manufacture through load-smoothing and figure out the rhythm clip and make standard operations. Then they can advance betterment activities. In a nutshell, the Toyota kanban system removes the signboards proportionate to the measure used, and goes to the predating procedure to retreat precisely the same measure. The predating procedure manufactures the exact measure merely withdrawn. The kanban system is a system that keeps on turning this rhythm. Assuming that the concluding procedure has non been converted to the load-smoothing system of production, but insists on utilizing the kanban to have parts, it is a bolt from the blue. The workplace can non utilize than kanban to order 50 boxes today, none tomorrow and 150 boxes the twenty-four hours after tomorrow. If the predating procedure or provider is treated in this mode, arrant confusion will ensue. Under the kanban system, the subsequent procedure withdraws parts and stuffs from the predating procedure every twenty- four hours, with consistence – in the same mode, at the same interval and in about the same sum. It is merely in this manner that the system can win. In Toyota system, they make the size of a batch in the workplace every bit little as possible. If the clip spent for interchanging dice ( one of the many thin production methods ) which provides a rapid and efficient manner of change overing a fabrication procedure from running the current merchandise to running the following merchandise is greater, the batch is likely to stay larger. When the batch is larger, it is frequently assumed that through it the calcium hydroxide lost though the exchange of dice can be recovered. But this can take to the waste originating from overrun. So, they make an beforehand readying of those casts, gigues and tools that can be assembled in front of clip, and to clean and put in their storage topographic points those casts, gigues and tools that are removed merely after the machine starts traveling once more. They keep seeking to better, those operations that can non be performed without halting the machine. So, the clip needed can be significantly redu ced. In interchanging dice for big equipment, Toyota retains the services of a particular unit organized by specializers in die exchange. Long times ago, it took at least 3 hours to interchange dice in an eight hundred-ton imperativeness. Today it takes merely three proceedingss. Assume that a mill is to treat parts A and B in sequence and they have four machines. They do non treat portion A at all four of these machines foremost, and so when this procedure is over, exchange all the dies in these four machines to get down treating portion B. if we did this, it would merely take excessively much clip. But Toyota chooses alternate method. Regardless of how many machines are connected to each other, a processed portion flows one by one with each rhythm clip. Therefore, they do non let anything to flux after the really last A. alternatively they let the air flow. While the air is fluxing into each of these machines consecutive, they engage in the exchange of dice. In other words, our set up alteration takes topographic point with one rhythm clip. At Toyota, they call this a one-shot exchange of dice. Since they use merely one rhythm clip for the exchange of dice, they merely encounter a loss of one portion piece. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ P.62~~~ In set uping a work combination, Toyota has some constructs in be aftering a layout. Alternatively of holding one conveyer line, Toyota prefers to hold multiple lines that are shorter. Toyota puts the entryway and issue together. When the entryway and issue to a procedure is made the same, one can prosecute in the pattern of â€Å" when one portion is withdrawn, another may come in. † In this manner, parts on manus in each procedure can stay changeless. More significantly, this layout can instill in the heads of workers the importance of the just-in-time construct. A 2nd benefit is that the work country becomes clearly defined. Just as with automatic machines, if a worker is stationed at the entryway and issue of goods, it is possible that no 1 else is needed. By seting the entryway and issue together, a worker ‘s work country becomes clearly defined. In this manner, his work becomes more efficient. Another benefit is that there is no otiose gesture. Where procedures are operated manually, the otiose gesture of traveling to some other topographic point and returning is eliminated. Finally, it becomes possible to hold fewer people consistent with the sum of work. To set the entryway and issue together means, in practical footings, to make a layout with a square bracket form, a U form or a circular form. In this manner, as discussed above, otiose gesture is eliminated and, depending on the sum of work required within these otherwise shaped layouts, workers can be added or reduced. Toyota besides uses a people-centered layout and dressed ores work countries. In Toyota, they do non allow one motor power multiple lines because a motor has extra capacity does non intend that it should be allowed to power both line A and B. Suppose A is burned ; so will B. Or when you want to run merely A, and B is non needed, line B still has to be moved. Under kanban system, the shop may keep many sorts of points, but the measure for each demand non be big. In rule, the shop ‘s layout should be one of wider frontage and narrower deepness. As for the stuff flowing, Toyota chooses to utilize smooth-flowing production system. To do the goods flow swimmingly, to raise productiveness and to allow the workers know that walking was besides portion of their work, around 1960 they began puting machines in a consecutive line, liberating workers from their machine enclosures. This new system had the advantage of allowing workers walk while working and manage a figure of machines. But jobs did originate. At first, we placed the machines in a consecutive line and made each group of these machines an independent production line. When we placed workers, based on the figure of autos to be produced, we frequently had a fraction of a whole individual assigned to each of these lines since we could non delegate a fraction of a individual, that figure was raised to one individual. No affair how of the group of line workers tried, each tended to overproduce because of the extra work force, even though it was little. Their solution was to u nite a figure of â€Å" independent † lines, and allow these lines absorb one full individual. They were able to do forces arrangement based on the alterations in the figure of autos to be produced. They still follow this work combination and now can bring forth merely what is needed. Hospital: Hospitals layout can be a really complex edifice types because infirmary includes a broad scope of functional units and services such as Hospitality maps, diagnostic and intervention maps, and the bed-related map or cardinal inmate attention. The specificity of codifications, ordinances or inadvertence which is regulating hospital operations and building can reflect this diverseness. Specific cognition and expertness are needed because of these wide-ranging and germinating maps of a infirmary but those functional units will vie for the precedences or demands. Ideally, the penchants must be balanced against existent functional demands, mandatary demands, and the fiscal position of the organisation. Apart from the broad scope of services which must be accommodated, infirmaries support and function different users. Ideally, the design procedure is integrated with direct input from cardinal hospital staff and from the proprietor in the procedure. The interior decorator has to be an advocator for the visitants, patients, support staff, providers, and voluntaries besides who do non hold direct input into the design by and large. All in all, a good hospital design combines functional demands and restraints with the human demands of its assorted users. Physical relationships between these maps decide the concept of the infirmary. These relationships between the assorted maps are needed which is shown as in the undermentioned flow figure. Flow diagram of general infirmary relationships. Inpatient gives and receives to/from outpatient, research A ; instruction, diagnostic A ; intervention, and disposal. Service gives to disposal, diagnostic A ; intervention, and research A ; instruction ; and receives from research A ; learning. Administration gives and receives to/from inmate, diagnostic A ; intervention and outpatient ; and receives from service. Diagnostic A ; intervention spring and receives to/from disposal, outpatient, research A ; instruction, and inmate ; and receives from service. Research A ; learning spring and receives to/from diagnostic A ; intervention, inmate, service ; and receives from outpatient. Outpatient spring and receives to/from inmate, research A ; preparation, diagnostic A ; intervention, and disposal. Flow diagram of major clinical relationships. Reception A ; enrollment receive records and station infirmary attention patients and trade with entree. Admission receives from response A ; enrollment and services inmate wards and outpatient wards. Records go to reception A ; enrollment, outpatient, diagnostic A ; intervention, and inpatient wards. Inpatient wards receive from records and entree and in turn lead to dispatch and pharmaceutics. Inpatient wards ‘ divisions ( medical, surgical, and psychiatric ) link to diagnostic amp ; intervention ‘s divisions ( research labs, mortuary, surgery, x-ray section, P.M.E.R. ) . Dignostic A ; intervention receive from records, and its divisions ( research labs, mortuary, surgery, x-ray section, P.M.E.R. ) nexus to inpatient wards ‘ divisions ( medical, surgical, and psychiatric ) and outpatient wards ‘ divisions. Outpatient receives from entree and records and in turn lead to dispatch and pharmaceutics. Outpatient ‘s divisions ( outpatient clinics and exigency ) nexus to diagnostic and intervention ‘s divisions ( research labs, mortuary, surgery, x-ray section, P.M.E.R. ) . Pharmacy receives from outpatient and inmate wards and gives to dispatch from both outpatient and inmate. Inpatient wards ‘ discharges receive from inmate wards and pharmaceutics and gives to post infirmary attention. Outpatient discharges receive from outpatient and pharmaceutics. Post infirmary attention leads back to response A ; enrollment. These flow figures show the communicating and motion of stuffs, waste, and people. Therefore the transit and logistics systems and physical constellation of a infirmary are intertwined inextricably. The transit systems are affected by the edifice constellation, and this constellation depends on the transit systems to a great extent. The infirmary constellation is affected by site chances and restraints, environing installations, clime, available engineering and budget. Now, new engineering and medical demands generate new options. The one important illustration which must be mentioned is Emergency Department in United Hospital. The Emergency Department ( ED ) has become the ‘Front Door ‘ to the infirmary. But the flow to and through the Emergency Department is fraught with constrictions in many infirmaries, with conflicting and confusing messages environing ED. Hospitals with ill placed double or merely one entrywaies see the inefficient operation of those coming in exigency vehicles and self-arriving patients. Many EDs have hapless first brush systems. For illustration, ill designed intervention zones inhibit efficient operations. Furthermore, there are many layout illustrations which require inordinate walking to pull off the patient record, to acquire patients to an x-ray room, or to take supplies merely. These demands lead to increased length of stay within the section and holds in intervention, which besides lead to set much emphasis in staff likewise and patients. Inefficient patient throughp ut causes dearly-won and blemished patient dissatisfaction and operations. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.asianhhm.com/facilities_operations/emergency_department_streamlining.htm Arrival ab initio, the layout of the ED begins to demo separate entrywaies for the two types of traffic and they were side-by-side today. However, if they are in close propinquity, it can still hold opportunity of uncertainness and confusion for the self-arrival patients as to which is the right zone. But now, apart from the ambulatory, the layout is to demo clear tracts for the ambulance. This separation begins at the reaching zone to the campus and continues to each entry. The ambulance entryway is spotted so as to non be in sight from those who come to the ambulatory entry. Direction to ED merely points to the Ambulatory Entrance. The demand for self-arriving patients to make up one’s mind which entry would be right is eliminated by this agreement. The Ambulatory Entrance is unmistakably obvious and has a system to cover geting patients from the elements. A supply of wheelchairs should be accessible readily and doorway should hold hands-free operation. There should be staff from the infirmary at this point to help the patient to come in the infirmary which is frequently done by security forces. Electronic wellness records In order to better and streamline patient flow, the use of the electronic wellness record is needed. The record of patient must stay closely to the unit clerk who manages the record, when a ‘paper ‘ chart is used. Because physicians, accessory care-givers and nurses must entree this unique and remarkable set of paperss, there are frequent uses but when the location of the chart is difficult to find, much clip is wasted by looking for it. The electronic record is allowed to take in anyplace within the infirmary, particularly at bedside of a patient. Coincident and multiple entree licenses retrieval and faster entry of informations from the infirmary and from distant diagnostic services like he lab. Nosologies If we can acquire diagnostic information in a timely mode, it would hold important impact upon patient flow through the ED. Sending the patient who requires X raies to the Radiology Department has becomes excessively troublous in footings of clip including waiting for a radiotherapist ‘s reading, line uping in the section or conveyance clip. This quest to heighten patient throughput causes puting medical imagination within the ED. A batch of patients seen in the section will find the figure of radiographic devices required, but multiple devices can be expected in ED. As for the instance of decentralised supplies, by agencies of decentalisation of diagnostic tools, the benefit of improved throughput can be generated, particularly if digital radiographic devices are used. Although digital medical imagination is filmless, multiple devices do non necessitate to be clustered for operational efficiency. And turnaround clip for image acquisition will be increased by puting a DR in pro pinquity to the ‘fast-track ‘ zone greatly. It can besides ensue in quicker diagnosings. A 2nd DR can so be placed to function more critical patients handily. Puting a CT scanner near to trauma bays can salvage clip in covering with dangerous situations.A Discharge procedure After medical clearance, the patient and his household are given discharge instructions and are released to go forth the infirmary or are admitted to the infirmary. Several stairss must be taken to topographic point patients in a bed if the patient is admitted. The motion of the patient out of the ED and into the bed will impact the overall patient flow greatly. The admitted patients become ‘boarders ‘ in the ED, if beds ca n’t be found or location and assignment of beds is slowed. Then boarded patients will busy infinite that could be used to handle the following entrance patient and cut down the figure of beds which is available to make so. The handling of inpatient beds is a really complex issue, but it is cardinal that the infirmary be committed to a policy of timely bed handiness for those who need. Contemporary Emergency DepartmentFirst brush Upon reaching, the ambulatory patients must be recognized and given the clip to province his job. This is done by staff who conducts ‘quick enrollment ‘ which is a basic set of identifiers to register the patients into the infirmary ‘s record system but it takes a few proceedingss. The patient is placed rapidly there when beds are available and the enrollment procedure can be finished at the bedside. Supply System Configuration After the speedy enrollment, the patients are given a first appraisal by a clinician. This triage will judge the degree of the patient ‘s status and let the exigency forces to find the precedence to supply attention. The patient is shown to an ‘internal waiting country ‘ in the intervention zone. The patients can be reprioritized and observed, so it can acquire the right patients into a bed rapidly. In order to better patient flow, a policy for handling patients with lower hazard jobs such as lacerations should be developed. This impression of a ‘fast-track ‘ demands to be incorporated within the context of the entire intervention zone. And all beds should be capable of spliting any sharp-sightedness degrees. The fast path patients can be grouped in one country of the section but non isolated in a discreet unit. Based upon the fluctuation in volumes throughout the twenty-four hours, this will increase flexibleness in delegating patients to suites. However, ambulance patients have different paths into the ED. The status of these patients is communicated to the ED by and large by the ambulance forces who is an exigency medical specialty technician. Their reaching is anticipated and care protocol can be implemented quickly. However, there are state of affairss when multiple reachings occur at the same clip basically. A triage of these incoming patients will go necessary, when this happens. In high-volume ED, for illustration injury centres, be aftering for an ambulance triage station will afford sufficient infinite to work out with this job. At Toyota they assign Industrial Engineer to a steadfastly established direction function to heighten betterment in production activities. They start from the existent phenomenon, look into the cause and happen a solution. No affair how much information is provided through informations, it is hard to see the true image of the workplace through informations. When defects are produced, and they find out merely though informations, they miss the opportunity to take appropriate disciplinary action. Thus they may non be able to detect the true cause of the defects, ensuing in their inability to take effectual countermeasures against return. The topographic point where they can capture true province of the workplace is the workplace itself. They can catch defects on the topographic point in the workplace and happen the true cause. They can instantly take countermeasures. When a job occurs, if the mode of examining into the cause is deficient, steps taken can go blurry. At Toyota, they will foremost understand the cause and so seek to repair it. Although the end may be set high, its execution calls for patterned advance in phases. It moves from work betterment to equipment betterment. When good consequences can be obtained with work betterment, and when such work betterment has non been undertaken sufficiently, there is no justification for puting a immense amount in mechanization machines. The consequence of the debut of mechanization machines may approximately be that of a exhaustively conducted work betterment activity. In such a instance, the money spent for equipment investing is wasted. And Toyota will distinguish between man-hours and figure of workers, and between labour salvaging and people salvaging. How to cite Plant Layout Is Fundamental Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Ludwig van Beethoven The Incessant Sound of a Fallen Tree free essay sample

The Incessant Sound of a Fallen Tree There resounds a proverbial question, If a tree falls in the woods and no one is there to hear, does It make a sound as It falls? Capricious as this query may appear I have had occasion to entertain just such a notion when, as a youth, I found an exploratory journey down a deep woods path abruptly halted by the greeting of an enormous fallen tree. The colossal obstacle lay across my path and presented Itself a motionless, silent guardian that protected that which lay beyond from my further intrusion.What a monumental disturbance must have been witnessed by the forest as this giant came crashing down! I wondered how the tree came to be there In the first place or what of the countless forms of life that had sprang forth from its protective purview over the decades of the trees history. We will write a custom essay sample on Ludwig van Beethoven: The Incessant Sound of a Fallen Tree or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I wondered what might have led to the demise of the strong anchoring system that had so obviously sustained the uprightness of this tower for so long. Not to mention what a scurry for life itself must have taken place by the multitude of creatures that were no doubt wealth the danger zone as tons of falling wood rushed earthward.Notwithstanding the magnitude of this event and the obvious lasting effects that resulted, I still wondered if the falling tree had made a sound? When the life of Ludwig van Beethoven first encroached upon my path, much the same sensation was experienced. No doubt I had heard of the composers name, but then so had I foreknowledge of trees, both fallen as well as standing ones. However, what of this particular composer. Had I ever entertained conversation with him? Had I known of his particular work, achievements, or failures?What difference had been made by this long extinguished life, at least where I was concerned? So here I stood. Yet another fallen giant before me In an apparently posture of complete silence leaving me to contemplate what, if any, true sound had been made as it fell. Every inquiry has its beginnings and Beethovens began in Bonn, Germany on December 16. 1770 (Cross 45). Though he had somewhat of a musical heritage with both his father and grandfather being performers themselves, it appears to have been that the emotion of greed more probably served as the conduit for molding of the youth. Johan Beethoven. Ludwig drunkard father, had become aware that his son possessed musical talent. Though apparently not particularly moved to enrich the young childs life, Johan saw Ludwig as a potential Mozart style child prodigy of which could be capitalized on for financial gain. It is ironic that the same greed over Mozart success inspired the creation of one genius, Ludwig Beethoven, yet aided in the demise of another, Wolfgang A. Mozart himself.It was this greed that enticed a drunken Johan to pull young Ludwig from his bed in the middle of the night and then force hours of practice on the violin with abusive beatings being the corrective measure for mistakes the exhausted child might make (Cross 46). Johan felt that if Mozart could be so successful at such a young age, then so could Ludwig. Consequently, it was precisely this same envy over Mozart ability that motivated adversaries of the likes of Saltier to continually poverty and ultimate premature poppers funeral (Cross 522-23). Johannes greed took the form of new while Galleries took that of fear.However, both were greed in its purest form and most likely had equal effect on Beethoven. Johannes greed resulted n abusive, yet not unproductive, practice. The final product of this was technical ability as well as much emotion, both of which furthered Beethovens compositions. On the other hand, Galleries greed contributed to Mozart early death. In his later [ears Beethoven greatly feared that he too would face a premature death as his idle, Mozart, had done. This pushed productivity out as Beethoven constantly felt a sense of urgency to make his destined contribution to the musical world.Beethoven had made his concert debut at the age of eight and had already tenured as a performer in the Electorate Chapel in Bonn when the famous composer, Haydn, found opportunity to view Beethovens first (though long unrecognized as such) masterpiece, Cantata on the Death of Emperor Joseph II (Colloid 21-24). This exulted in an invitation by the master for Beethoven to come to Vienna to study under Heydays tutelage. Beethovens way was made possible by the Elector and though the relationship with the master composer did not prove to be long-lived, the stay in Vienna did.This ultimately placed Beethoven in the midst of powerful music loving personalities and undoubtedly enhanced his musical future. By the age of thirty-one Beethoven recognized that he was growing deaf and began Integrating further from social events. This culminated by 1812 when, essenti ally completely deaf at the age of forty-two, Beethoven had become a total recluse and entered into a five-year slump during which little writing occurred (Cross In 1824, at the age of fifty-four, Beethoven appeared for the last time in a public performance of his Ninth Symphony. The piece ended, but Beethoven, being completely deaf as well as several measures off, continued conducting as the crowd applauded from behind. In the end, Beethoven was turned around by Carolyn Anger to face the crowd. This brought to light the true reality of his condition and the crowd was said to have exploded with sympathy and admiration (Cross 53). On March 26, 1827, Beethoven died. His last wards confirmed his belief in God and his last act confirmed his belief in the triumphant human spirit.Most sources seem to agree that Beethovens work can be divided into three distinctive categories or periods as follows: 1) Up to 1800: Somewhat conforming to the established rules of composition, but with a visible departure of emotion that reflected his feelings toward the heavy hand of authority, most likely that of his father. 2) 1800-1817: Growing deaf. More intense personal feelings and more noticeable departure from the traditional rules of harmony, tones, rhythm, and use of instruments. 3) 1817-1827: Totally deaf. Break with the traditional way of doing things more sharply defined than ever before.Ninth Symphony composed, demonstrating for the first time in history the use of voices with the orchestra. A symphony which Beethoven himself never heard. Though there can be found a certain diversity in the articulation of these periods, there is one thought that seems to be without scholarly contradiction. Beethoven ushered in a new way of treating musical composition. Prior to his time, the composers did not use music as a medium for expressing strong emotion. Notation left him with few alternative means by which he could exchanges those feelings.Music was the obvious choice and a new musical era was the historical result. In retrospect, as I look back at the fallen tree in the forest in Juxtaposition with the life of this truly extraordinary man, I find a remarkable lesson to be learned from both. It is most aptly illustrated by Jesus as He concluded in the parable of the four soils He that hath ears to hear, let him hear. I think not that Jesus entertained the thought that His lesson would have lacked purpose or effect had there been no AR willing, and thereby incapable, to hear.This was still the Word of God being spoken, an eternal thing of great substance that does not gain its power from the person who it is meant for (the world). To the contrary, I consider that sound is simply that name given to the difference made to an individual when his ear transposes the environmental changes (sound waves) produced by a particular event. From this perspective the real question appears to be not whether a difference occurred, but was a difference made. In the case of the tree, a lasting difference definitely occurred at the time of its ailing.

Free Essays on Rap Music And Youths Behavior

Rap Music and Youth’s Behavior ABSTRACT Parents are becoming increasingly concerned about the potentially misleading content of violent themes and lyrics in gangta’ rap. The content of this branch of rap (rhythm and poetry) focalizes on extremely controversial topics such as politics, sex, religion, racism, and drug addiction. Initially attracted by the catchy beats of gangsta’ rap, youth start to listen to this music many times without knowing of the potential psychological damage it may cause. It misleads them to a distorted reality where morally wrong actions are positively rewarded and good actions are no longer needed except when there is a sexual goal behind it. Despite its entertainment value, gangsta’ rap misleads our impressionable teens by showing them that violence, and aggressiveness is acceptable behavior; and unless government officials decide to make a change, gangsta’ rap will continue to influence the behavior of adolescents for the worst. After many discussions about this topic, musicians and the music producers seem to blame each other for the violent end sexually explicit lyrics contained in their music. Due to the negative influence of this popular music among youth that are struggling for popularity in school and among peers, the government should produce new regulations to involve the parents on what kind of music their children are listening to. Rap Music and Youth’s Behavior Gangsta' Rap and its violence Music has always had a tremendous affect on cultures and societies around the world. It affects how people dance, speak, and even the styles of clothing that are worn. As rap music has emerged from ghettos, it too has played an extremely important role in the lives of American youth today. Large numbers of "parental-advisory" and "explicit lyrics" CD's releases from disco-graphic companies are causing tremendous parental concerns because of their vio... Free Essays on Rap Music And Youth's Behavior Free Essays on Rap Music And Youth's Behavior Rap Music and Youth’s Behavior ABSTRACT Parents are becoming increasingly concerned about the potentially misleading content of violent themes and lyrics in gangta’ rap. The content of this branch of rap (rhythm and poetry) focalizes on extremely controversial topics such as politics, sex, religion, racism, and drug addiction. Initially attracted by the catchy beats of gangsta’ rap, youth start to listen to this music many times without knowing of the potential psychological damage it may cause. It misleads them to a distorted reality where morally wrong actions are positively rewarded and good actions are no longer needed except when there is a sexual goal behind it. Despite its entertainment value, gangsta’ rap misleads our impressionable teens by showing them that violence, and aggressiveness is acceptable behavior; and unless government officials decide to make a change, gangsta’ rap will continue to influence the behavior of adolescents for the worst. After many discussions about this topic, musicians and the music producers seem to blame each other for the violent end sexually explicit lyrics contained in their music. Due to the negative influence of this popular music among youth that are struggling for popularity in school and among peers, the government should produce new regulations to involve the parents on what kind of music their children are listening to. Rap Music and Youth’s Behavior Gangsta' Rap and its violence Music has always had a tremendous affect on cultures and societies around the world. It affects how people dance, speak, and even the styles of clothing that are worn. As rap music has emerged from ghettos, it too has played an extremely important role in the lives of American youth today. Large numbers of "parental-advisory" and "explicit lyrics" CD's releases from disco-graphic companies are causing tremendous parental concerns because of their vio...

The Role of Ozone in the Atmosphere and Environment

The Role of Ozone in the Atmosphere and Environment Essentially, ozone (O3) is an unstable and highly reactive form of oxygen. The ozone molecule is made up of three oxygen atoms that are bound together, whereas the oxygen we breathe (O2) contains only two oxygen atoms. From a human perspective, ozone is both helpful and harmful, both good and bad. The Benefits of Good Ozone Small concentrations of ozone occur naturally in the stratosphere, which is part of the Earth’s upper atmosphere. At that level, ozone helps to protect life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the sun, particularly UVB radiation that can cause skin cancer and cataracts, damage crops, and destroy some types of marine life. The Origin of Good Ozone Ozone is created in the stratosphere when ultraviolet light from the sun splits an oxygen molecule into two single oxygen atoms. Each of those oxygen atoms then binds with an oxygen molecule to form an ozone molecule. Depletion of stratospheric ozone poses serious health risks for humans and environmental hazards for the planet, and many nations have banned or limited the use of chemicals, including CFC, that contribute to ozone depletion. The Origin of Bad Ozone Ozone is also found much nearer the ground, in the troposphere, the lowest level of Earth’s atmosphere. Unlike the ozone that occurs naturally in the stratosphere, tropospheric ozone is man-made, an indirect result of air pollution created by automobile exhaust and emissions from factories and power plants. When gasoline and coal are burned, nitrogen oxide gases (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) are released into the air. During the warm, sunny days of spring, summer and early fall, NOx and VOC are more likely to combine with oxygen and form ozone. During those seasons, high concentrations of ozone are often formed during the heat of the afternoon and early evening (as a component of smog) and are likely to dissipate later in the evening as the air cools. Does ozone pose a significant risk to our climate? Not really - ozone does have a small role to play in global climate change, but the majority of the risks are elsewhere. The Risks of Bad Ozone The man-made ozone that forms in the troposphere is extremely toxic and corrosive. People who inhale ozone during repeated exposure may permanently damage their lungs or suffer from respiratory infections. Ozone exposure may reduce lung function or aggravate existing respiratory conditions such as asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. Ozone may also cause chest pain, coughing, throat irritation or congestion. The adverse health effects of ground-level ozone are particularly dangerous for people who work, exercise, or spend a lot of time outdoors during warm weather. Seniors and children are also at greater risk than the rest of the population because people in both age groups are more likely to have reduced or not fully formed lung capacity. In addition to human health effects, ground-level ozone is also hard on plants and animals, damaging ecosystems and leading to reduced crop and forest yields. In the United States alone, for example, ground-level ozone accounts for an estimated $500 million in reduced crop production annually. Ground-level ozone also kills many seedlings and damages foliage, making trees more susceptible to diseases, pests and harsh weather. No Place is Completely Safe from Ground-Level Ozone Ground-level ozone pollution is often considered an urban problem because it is formed primarily in urban and suburban areas. Nevertheless, ground-level ozone also finds its way to rural areas, carried hundreds of miles by the wind or forming as a result of auto emissions or other sources of air pollution in those areas.​ Edited by Frederic Beaudry.

Stanley Park Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stanley Park - Essay Example   Large sections of the park were densely forested in the late 1800s and covered by half million trees that mainly occupied stand that was seventy-six meters, which is many centuries old. Numerous trees were lost and others were planted subsequent to the major windstorms that happened past one hundred years in the year 2006. An important effort was concentrated in the building of the near century-old Vancouver Seawall that mainly attracts numerous residents and corresponding visitors to the Stanley Park. Stanley Park also possesses features forest trails, Vancouver Aquarium, lakes, beaches, and children’s play locations.   The land where Stanley Park is situated was leased by the Vancouver’s City Council in the year 1886. The year 1908 federal government converted the lease of the Stanley Parkland by ninety-nine year. It was possess a lease that was continuously renewable by the park board in regard to the restitution. The park was officially opened in the year 1888 and named after Lord Stanley. Lord Stanley dedicated it to the utilization and enjoyment of the populace of all races, creeds and customs thus being named Stanley Park.   The building of the Lost Lagoon and the corresponding causeway of the Stanley Park took place amidst the year 1913 to corresponding 1916.The lake was built within a shallow section of the Coal Harbour and was named the Lost Lagoon because of its disappearance during low tide.   Moreover, the lake and corresponding causeway into the Stanley Park was designed by Thomas Mawson.  Ã‚  

Type Of Tax-Book Difference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Type Of Tax-Book Difference - Essay Example The contribution that can be deductible by the employer must not exceed 25% of employee's total compensation (Green, n.d., retrieved 07.09.06). The employer receives a tax deduction equaling his contribution in the employee's defined contribution plan. The employees benefit from deduction of contribution from pre-tax salary, which enables them to save taxes and fund the retirement plan with the gross amount. The tax continues to be deferred until the plan is distributed and therefore there remain opportunities for fast investment growth (Building Your Retirement Funds, 2006). The advantages for defined contribution plan are that this plan allows the employees to save the tax payments until the plan is withdrawn, employees also benefit from employer contribution into the fund, the employees will have the opportunity after the retirement to either receive the entire amount or a series of payment over their entire life etc. The major advantage for employer underlying this plan is that it enables him to evade the risk on investment and also the burden of plan contribution is shared between the employer and the employees. Its major disadvantage is the complexity and strictness of the rules concerning the plan administration (Employer-Sponsored Retirement Plans, 2005). Being the one who establishes the pension plan, an employer is expected to administer it and meet its requirements. The employer will monitor and supervise the investment poured into the plan and review the growth of funds. Moreover, he is also required to provide periodical information to the e mployees concerning the operation and status of the invested funds (Retirement Plan Basics, n.d. retrieved 08.09.06) The contribution on the part of employer is limited to a maximum of $40,000 or 25% of the employees' compensation whereas, for the year 2006, the contribution by employees has been defined as limited to 100% of his compensation up to the maximum of $15,000 (Green, n.d., retrieved 07.09.06). The distribution from a defined contributed plan is not allowed whilst the employee is still working. However, when this distribution takes place, it is taxed as an ordinary income. The Internal Revenue Service states the minimum age limit for pension plan distribution as 70-1/2 years, from which the employees should start withdrawing the funds. The distribution is not allowed before the employees reach the age of 59-1/2. If it is done, the investment would be subjected to an early-withdrawal penalty of 10% (Retirement Planning, 2006). The financial statements of XYZ Corporation should include a statement of net assets available for benefits at the end of the plan year. Moreover, the company also needs to present a statement of changes in net assets available for the benefits at the same time. Also, the GAAP requires the financial statements to be prepared under the accrual basis so as to ease the evaluation of plan assets composition (Defined Contribution Pension Plans, 2005) REQUIREMENT 2 Type Of Tax-Book Difference The discrepancies in the rules and principles set down for financial reporting and tax accounting lead to significant differences in the tax amounts shown in financial statements and the tax returns. These differences are known as the book-tax differences, which are further classified as either temporary or permanent tax differences (Michel, 2005). Permanent tax difference originates when an income or expense amount needs to be recognized by any of the two methods but not by both of